Android:国际化(二)
一、简介
应用内设置多语言,可随系统语言改变而改变,也可设置app为固定语言不受系统语言影响
二、实现原理
- Application的onCreate中初始化,根据本地 SharePreference 中保存的语言信息来选择显示哪种语言
- 在设置界面选择对应语言,然后把语言信息保存到 SharePreference 中。
三、实现代码
1、首先要有一个多语言方法类 InternationalUtil
public class InternationalUtil {
public static Context attachBaseContext(Context context) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
return createConfigurationResources(context);
} else {
setConfiguration(context);
return context;
}
}
/**
* 设置语言
*
* @param context
*/
public static void setConfiguration(Context context) {
Locale appLocale = getAppLocale(context);
//如果本地有语言信息,以本地为主,如果本地没有使用默认Locale
Locale locale = null;
String spLanguage = SpUtil.getString(context, ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_LANGUAGE);
String spCountry = SpUtil.getString(context, ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_COUNTRY);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(spLanguage) && !TextUtils.isEmpty(spCountry)) {
if (isSameLocal(appLocale, spLanguage, spCountry)) {
locale = appLocale;
} else {
locale = new Locale(spLanguage, spCountry);
}
} else {
locale = appLocale;
}
Configuration configuration = context.getResources().getConfiguration();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
configuration.setLocale(locale);
} else {
configuration.locale = locale;
}
Resources resources = context.getResources();
DisplayMetrics dm = resources.getDisplayMetrics();
resources.updateConfiguration(configuration, dm);//语言更换生效的代码!
}
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
private static Context createConfigurationResources(Context context) {
Resources resources = context.getResources();
Configuration configuration = resources.getConfiguration();
Locale appLocale = getAppLocale(context);
//如果本地有语言信息,以本地为主,如果本地没有使用默认Locale
Locale locale = null;
String spLanguage = SpUtil.getString(context, ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_LANGUAGE);
String spCountry = SpUtil.getString(context, ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_COUNTRY);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(spLanguage) && !TextUtils.isEmpty(spCountry)) {
if (isSameLocal(appLocale, spLanguage, spCountry)) {
locale = appLocale;
} else {
locale = new Locale(spLanguage, spCountry);
}
} else {
locale = appLocale;
}
configuration.setLocale(locale);
configuration.setLocales(new LocaleList(locale));
return context.createConfigurationContext(configuration);
}
/**
* 更改应用语言
*
* @param
* @param locale 语言地区
* @param persistence 是否持久化
*/
public static void changeAppLanguage(Context context, Locale locale, boolean persistence) {
Resources resources = context.getResources();
DisplayMetrics metrics = resources.getDisplayMetrics();
Configuration configuration = resources.getConfiguration();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
configuration.setLocale(locale);
configuration.setLocales(new LocaleList(locale));
context.createConfigurationContext(configuration);
} else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
configuration.setLocale(locale);
} else {
configuration.locale = locale;
}
resources.updateConfiguration(configuration, metrics);
if (persistence) {
saveLanguageSetting(context, locale);
}
}
//保存多语言信息到sp中
public static void saveLanguageSetting(Context context, Locale locale) {
SpUtil.saveString(context, ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_LANGUAGE, locale.getLanguage());
SpUtil.saveString(context, ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_COUNTRY, locale.getCountry());
}
//获取本地应用的实际的多语言信息
public static Locale getAppLocale(Context context) {
//获取应用语言
Resources resources = context.getResources();
Configuration configuration = resources.getConfiguration();
Locale locale = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
locale = configuration.getLocales().get(0);
} else {
locale = configuration.locale;
}
return locale;
}
//判断sp中和app中的多语言信息是否相同
public static boolean isSameWithSetting(Context context) {
Locale locale = getAppLocale(context);
String language = locale.getLanguage();
String country = locale.getCountry();
String sp_language = SpUtil.getString(ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_LANGUAGE);
String sp_country = SpUtil.getString(ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_COUNTRY);
if (language.equals(sp_language) && country.equals(sp_country)) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public static boolean isSameLocal(Locale appLocale, String sp_language, String sp_country) {
String appLanguage = appLocale.getLanguage();
String appCountry = appLocale.getCountry();
if (appLanguage.equals(sp_language) && appCountry.equals(sp_country)) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
2、Application 中初始化
根据 SharePreference 保存的语言信息做初始化。如下:
- attachBaseContext() 中的初始化,应用刚启动的时候此方法在 onCreate() 前执行,当用户修改手机系统的默认语言时,也会调用 attachBaseContext() 方法
- onCreate() 中一定要加上 registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(callbacks);用来监听 Activity,如果不是 SharePreference 中设定的语言的话,可以修改成对应 SharePreference 中的语言。
注意:InternationalApp 需要在 AndroidManifest.xml 中注册。如下:
<application
android:name=".InternationalApp"
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/Theme.InternationalDemo">
public class InternationalApp extends Application {
private static Context mAppContext;
public static Context getContext() {
return mAppContext;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
this.mAppContext = getApplicationContext();
//初始化本地语言,这句话可以不要,因为在attachBaseContext中已经处理了
//changeLanguage();
//注册Activity生命周期监听回调,此部分一定加上,因为有些版本不加的话多语言切换不回来
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(callbacks);
}
ActivityLifecycleCallbacks callbacks = new ActivityLifecycleCallbacks() {
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String language = SpUtil.getString(getApplicationContext(), ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_LANGUAGE);
String country = SpUtil.getString(getApplicationContext(), ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_COUNTRY);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(language) && !TextUtils.isEmpty(country)) {
//强制修改应用语言
if (!InternationalUtil.isSameWithSetting(activity)) {
Locale locale = new Locale(language, country);
InternationalUtil.changeAppLanguage(activity, locale, false);
}
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
}
//Activity 其它生命周期的回调
};
@Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
//系统语言等设置发生改变时会调用此方法,需要要重置app语言
super.attachBaseContext(InternationalUtil.attachBaseContext(base));
}
}
3、语言切换
注意:在设置语言后应用重启了,如果不重启,会出现有界面语言没有切换的问题。
例如:当设置简体中文时,在响应的点击事件中调用 changeLanguage("zh","CN") 。如下:
//修改应用内语言设置
private void changeLanguage(String language, String area) {
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(language) && TextUtils.isEmpty(area)) {
//如果语言和地区都是空,那么跟随系统
SpUtil.saveString(ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_LANGUAGE, "");
SpUtil.saveString(ConstantGlobal.LOCALE_COUNTRY, "");
} else {
//不为空,那么修改app语言,并true是把语言信息保存到sp中,false是不保存到sp中
Locale newLocale = new Locale(language, area);
InternationalUtil.changeAppLanguage(MainActivity.this, newLocale, true);
InternationalUtil.changeAppLanguage(InternationalApp.getContext(),
newLocale, true);
}
//重启app,这一步一定要加上,如果不重启app,可能打开新的页面显示的语言会不正确
Intent intent = new Intent(InternationalApp.getContext(), MainActivity.class);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
InternationalApp.getContext().startActivity(intent);
android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
}